Comprehensive Analysis of Mental Health and Psychological Well-Being Among Maritime Workers in Malaysia

Abstract

The mental health and psychological well-being of maritime workers in Malaysia have become critical concerns due to the unique and challenging nature of their work environment. This comprehensive review synthesizes literature from the past seven years to examine the prevalence, associated factors, and effective interventions related to mental health issues among Malaysian maritime personnel. The findings reveal a significant prevalence of anxiety (61%), depression (39%), and stress (28%) among maritime workers. Contributing factors include occupational stressors such as long working hours, isolation, and hazardous conditions, as well as psychosocial barriers like societal stigma and limited access to mental health resources. Economic challenges, including job insecurity and financial stress, and environmental factors, such as poor onboard living conditions, further exacerbate these issues. Effective interventions identified include organizational support, access to mental health services, and psychological interventions like mindfulness and self-compassion training. Policy recommendations include revising the Occupational Safety and Health Act to incorporate mental health provisions and implementing mental health off days to support workers. Enhancing community and social support systems is also crucial. This review underscores the urgent need for targeted mental health strategies and supportive policies to address the unique challenges faced by maritime workers in Malaysia. Future research should continue to explore these areas to develop robust evidence-based practices to enhance the mental well-being of this critical workforce